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Nuremberg is a river cruise port on the Pegnitz River in Bavaria, Germany, with access to the Rhine Main Danube Canal. It is used mainly as a turnaround port for river cruises, with passengers often beginning or ending longer European itineraries here. The port's position also makes Nuremberg a useful starting point for exploring the city's historic centre and the surrounding region.
The city's history reaches back to its first recorded mention in 1050. It grew around an imperial castle and became one of the most important cities of the Holy Roman Empire. Nuremberg became a Free Imperial City in the 13th century, while the Imperial Diets and courts met at Nuremberg Castle between 1211 and 1543. The city's influence grew further during the 15th and 16th centuries, when it became an important centre of the German Renaissance.
Nuremberg's medieval character is still visible around the Old Town. Nuremberg Castle, sections of the city walls and historic buildings provide plenty to explore on foot. The Heilig Geist Spital, founded in 1332 as one of Europe's largest hospitals, stands beside the Pegnitz in the city centre. Today, the historic complex has been adapted for modern uses, including a restaurant.
Food is another part of the city's identity. Nürnberger Bratwurst is a local speciality, consisting of small, thin grilled sausages traditionally served in groups. Nürnberger Lebkuchen, a type of gingerbread, is particularly associated with the Christmas season. During the holidays, the city's Christmas market draws more than a million visitors, filling the historic centre with stalls, food and seasonal decorations.
The city was heavily damaged during the Second World War, but reconstruction began soon afterwards. By 1955, much of the rebuilding work had either been completed or was under way, allowing Nuremberg to retain and restore important parts of its historic character.